The Nurse Is Reviewing the Health History of a Client Who Has Diabetes Melitus

This gear up of Diabetes NCLEX questions is intended to help nurses castor up on the concepts of managing patients with this chronic disease.

The topic of diabetes mellitus care and management is i of the most challenging ones that nurses face up considering you are expected to know almost the disease process and how to ensure that the patient will have the power to office optimally in the face of chronic illness.

Questions asked mostly consist of patient teaching, medication assistants, determining signs and symptoms of diabetic emergencies, and complications of the disease process. These topics are included in this practise test to assist you empathize care for these patients with diverse and sometimes specialized care requirements.

Read and analyze each question carefully and chose the best answer/due south from the choices provided. At the stop of these practice tests, correct answers forth with the explanation are given.

Diabetes NCLEX-RN Practice Questions

1. An external insulin pump is prescribed for a customer with diabetes mellitus. When the client asks the nurse about the performance of the pump, the nurse bases the response on which data most the pump?

A. It is timed to release programmed doses of either short-duration or NPH insulin into the bloodstream at specific intervals.
B. It continuously infuses small amounts of NPH insulin into the bloodstream while regularly monitoring claret glucose levels.
C. Information technology is surgically fastened to the pancreas and infuses regular insulin into the pancreas. This releases insulin into the bloodstream.
D. Information technology administers a small continuous dose of brusque-duration insulin subcutaneously. The client can self-administer an additional bolus dose from the pump before each repast.

ii. A client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in the emergency department. Which findings support this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

A. Increase in pH
B. Comatose state
C. Deep, rapid breathing
D. Decreased urine output
E. Elevated claret glucose level

3. The nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus about differentiating betwixt hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the didactics by stating that a class of glucose should be taken if which symptom or symptoms develop? Select all that utilise.

A. Polyuria
B. Shakiness
C. Palpitations
D. Blurred vision
E. Lightheadedness
F. Fruity breath odor

iv. A client with diabetes mellitus demonstrates acute anxiety when admitted to the hospital for the handling of hyperglycemia. What is the advisable intervention to decrease the client'south anxiety?

A. Administrate a sedative.
B. Convey empathy, trust, and respect toward the client.
C. Ignore the signs and symptoms of anxiety, anticipating that they will soon disappear.
D. Make sure that the client is familiar with the correct medical terms to promote understanding of what is happening.

5. The nurse provides instructions to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes an accurate understanding of measures to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis when the customer makes which argument?

A. "I will stop taking my insulin if I'1000 as well ill to eat."
B. "I will decrease my insulin dose during times of disease."
C. "I volition adjust my insulin dose according to the level of glucose in my urine."
D. "I will notify my health intendance provider (HCP) if my blood glucose level is higher than 250 mg/dL (14.2 mmol/L)."

six. A client is admitted to a infirmary with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The initial blood glucose level is 950 mg/dL (54.ii mmol/L). A continuous intravenous (IV) infusion of short-acting insulin is initiated, along with IV rehydration with normal saline. The serum glucose level is now decreased to 240 mg/dL (13.7 mmol/L). The nurse would next prepare to administrate which medication?

A. An ampule of 50% dextrose
B. NPH insulin subcutaneously
C. Four fluids containing dextrose
D. Phenytoin for the prevention of seizures

7. The nurse is monitoring a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for signs of complications. Which sign or symptom, if exhibited in the client, indicates that the client is at take a chance for chronic complications of diabetes if the blood glucose is not adequately managed?

A. Polyuria
B. Diaphoresis
C. Pedal edema
D. Decreased respiratory charge per unit

8. The nurse is preparing a program of care for a client with diabetes mellitus who has hyperglycemia. The nurse places priority on which customer problem?

A. Lack of knowledge
B. Inadequate fluid volume
C. Compromised family unit coping
D. Inadequate consumption of nutrients

9. The dwelling house health nurse visits a client with a diagnosis of blazon i diabetes mellitus. The client relates a history of vomiting and diarrhea and tells the nurse that no nutrient has been consumed for the last 24 hours. Which boosted statement by the customer indicates a demand for further teaching?

A. "I demand to finish my insulin."
B. "I need to increment my fluid intake."
C. "I need to monitor my claret glucose every 3 to four hours."
D. "I demand to phone call the health care provider (HCP) because of these symptoms."

10. The nurse performs a physical assessment on a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Findings include a fasting blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL (half-dozen.8 mmol/L), a temperature of 101 °F (38.3 °C), a pulse of 102 beats/minute, respirations of 22 breaths/infinitesimal, and blood pressure of 142/72 mm Hg. Which finding would exist the priority business concern to the nurse?

A. Pulse
B. Respiration
C. Temperature
D. Blood pressure

eleven. The nurse is pedagogy a client how to mix regular insulin and NPH insulin in the aforementioned syringe. Which action, if performed by the customer, indicates the need for further teaching?

A. Withdraws the NPH insulin first
B. Withdraws the regular insulin starting time
C. Injects air into NPH insulin vial first
D. Injects an amount of air equal to the desired dose of insulin into each vial

12. The home intendance nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened vials of insulin. The nurse should tell the customer to accept which activeness?

A. Freeze the insulin.
B. Refrigerate the insulin.
C. Shop the insulin in a dark, dry place.
D. Continue the insulin at room temperature.

xiii. Glimepiride is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. The nurse instructs the client that which nutrient items are most adequate to consume while taking this medication? Select all that apply.

A. Alcohol
B. Scarlet meats
C. Whole-grain cereals
D. Depression-calorie desserts
E. Carbonated beverages

14. A client with diabetes mellitus visits a health care clinic. The client's diabetes mellitus previously had been well controlled with glyburide daily, but recently the fasting claret glucose level has been 180 to 200 mg/dL (x.2 to 11.four mmol/L). Which medication, if added to the client's regimen, may have contributed to the hyperglycemia?

A. Prednisone
B. Atenolol
C. Phenelzine
D. Allopurinol

15. A client with diabetes mellitus is told that amputation of the leg is necessary to sustain life. The customer is agitated and tells the nurse, "This is all my health care provider'south fault. I have done everything I've been asked to do!" Which nursing interpretation is best for this situation?

A. An expected coping mechanism
B. An ineffective defense mechanism
C. A need to notify the hospital lawyer
D. An expression of guilt on the part of the client

16. The nurse teaches a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes almost storing Humulin N insulin. Which argument indicates to the nurse that the customer understood the discharge teaching?

A. "I should keep the insulin in the cabinet during the day only."
B. "I know I accept to keep my insulin in the refrigerator at all times."
C. "I can store the open insulin bottle in the kitchen cabinet for 1 month."
D. "The best place for my insulin is on the windowsill, simply in the cupboard is just every bit proficient."

17. Metformin is prescribed for a client with blazon 2 diabetes mellitus. What is the most common side effect that the nurse should include in the client's teaching plan?

A. Weight gain
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Flushing and palpitations
D. Gastrointestinal disturbances

18. When didactics the diabetic client about foot care, the nurse should instruct the customer to do which of the post-obit?

A. Avoid going barefoot.
B. Buy shoes a half size larger.
C. Cutting toenails at angles.
D. Employ heating pads for sore anxiety.

19. A client with diabetes mellitus comes to the dispensary for a regular 3-calendar month follow-up date. The nurse notes several small bandages covering cuts on the client's hands. The customer says, "I'chiliad and so clumsy. I'chiliad always cutting my finger cooking or burning myself on the iron." Which of the following responses by the nurse would be near appropriate?

A. "Wash all wounds in isopropyl alcohol."
B. "Keep all cuts clean and covered."
C. "Why don't you have your children practice the cooking and ironing?"
D. "You really should exist fine every bit long as you take your daily medication."

twenty. The client with diabetes mellitus says, "If I could simply avoid what yous call carbohydrates in my diet, I guess I would exist okay." The nurse should base the response to this comment on the knowledge that diabetes affects the metabolism of which of the post-obit?

A. Carbohydrates simply.
B. Fats and carbohydrates only.
C. Protein and carbohydrates only.
D. Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

21. The nurse should caution the customer with diabetes mellitus who is taking a sulfonylurea that alcoholic beverages should be avoided while taking these drugs because they tin can cause which of the post-obit?

A. Hypokalemia.
B. Hyperkalemia.
C. Hypocalcemia.
D. Disulfiram (Antabuse)–like symptoms.

22. Which of the following indicates a potential complexity of diabetes mellitus?

A. Inflamed, painful joints.
B. Blood pressure of 160/100 mm Hg.
C. Stooped advent.
D. Hemoglobin of nine k/dL.

23. The client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is taught to take isophane insulin suspension NPH (Humulin Due north) at 5 p.m. each day. The client should exist instructed that the greatest chance of hypoglycemia will occur at almost what time?

A. xi a.grand., shortly before lunch.
B. 1 p.m., shortly after lunch.
C. half-dozen p.m., soon after dinner.
D. 1 a.k., while sleeping.

24. A customer with type 1 diabetes mellitus has influenza. The nurse should instruct the customer to:

A. Increase the frequency of cocky-monitoring (blood glucose testing).
B. Reduce food intake to diminish nausea.
C. Discontinue that dose of insulin if unable to consume.
D. Accept one-half of the normal dose of insulin.

25. Which of the following is a priority nursing diagnosis for the diabetic customer who is taking insulin and has nausea and vomiting from a viral illness or influenza?

A. Imbalanced diet: Less than body requirements.
B. Ineffective wellness maintenance related to ineffective coping skills.
C. Acute pain.
D. Activity intolerance.

26. During a home visit, a diabetic customer, begins to weep and says, "I just cannot stand the thought of having to give myself a shot every day." Which of the post-obit would be the best response by the nurse?

A. "If you practise not give yourself your insulin shots, you will die."
B. "We tin teach your daughter to give the shots so you will not have to do it."
C. "I tin arrange to have a dwelling care nurse give you the shots every day."
D. "What is it near giving yourself the insulin shots that bothers you?"

27. The nurse is instructing the client on insulin administration. The client is performing a render demonstration for preparing the insulin. The client's morning dose of insulin is 10 units of regular and 22 units of NPH. The nurse checks the dose accuracy with the client. The nurse determines that the client has prepared the correct dose when the syringe reads how many units?

________________________ units.

28. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may exist prescribed for the client with diabetes mellitus to reduce vascular changes and possibly prevent or filibuster development of:

A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
B. Pancreatic cancer.
C. Renal failure.
D. Cerebrovascular accident.

29. The nurse should teach the diabetic client that which of the following is the almost common symptom of hypoglycemia?

A. Nervousness.
B. Anorexia.
C. Kussmaul's respirations.
D. Bradycardia.

30. The nurse is assessing the customer's use of medications. Which of the post-obit medications may cause a complication with the handling plan of a client with diabetes?

A. Aspirin.
B. Steroids.
C. Sulfonylureas.
D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.

Answers and Rationale

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Source: https://rnspeak.com/diabetes-nclex-questions/

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